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Degenerative Joint Disease in Cats | Hastings Veterinary Clinic

Degenerative Joint Disease in Cats

Many people suffer from joint pain and arthritis, especially as they age. Pets are no different. While the feline species is one of the most agile and flexible, it would be naive to assume that athletic animals like cats cannot suffer from joint discomfort.

Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) in cats affects old and young alike. Again, a feature that is not too dissimilar to humans. DJD is a progressive inflammatory condition of the joints and may become significant as a cat ages. There are primary and secondary forms of the disease – primary DJD is when the inflammation is not the result of an injury or disease. The secondary form is a direct result of a birth abnormality, previous injury, or trauma. Purebred cats are more prone to DJD due to certain congenital causes – hip dysplasia and patellar luxation being the two most common.

Once DJD changes set in, the resulting inflammation in the joints causes discomfort and pain. Naturally, joints of older cats will have undergone more wear and tear over time. Studies have revealed that 90% of cats over 12 years of age show signs on DJD.

Surprisingly, lameness is an uncommon sign of joint discomfort in our feline companions. Common symptoms that may be suggestive of arthritis pain in cats include signs such as decreased activity levels, reluctance to jump on to higher surfaces, increased vocalization, a change in grooming habits as well as a decrease in muscle mass. The wide array of symptoms that are suggestive of arthritis in cats also clearly depict how important and life changing such conditions can be.

Causes of DJD, especially in a younger cat may include obesity, a lack of exercise, over-eating, and genetics. Generally cats that have another companion pet at home will be more active and hence less prone to be overweight. Once chronic joint pain develops there is no cure but thankfully it is a manageable condition and there are ways to prevent suffering. Diets supplemented with glucosamine and omega oils are advised along with life-style changes. Building a short flight of stairs close to the window or perch your cat would like to spend time on can greatly help.

Anecdotally, glucosamine liquid made specifically for felines is very helpful for a large number of cats and I use it as a first choice supplement. Cartilage inducing injections, which help make the joints comfortable, can be tried, although the manufacturer does not label such use in felines. Acetaminophen is toxic to cats and must never be given without veterinary supervision. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications were historically not used for cats as management for arthritis but have recently been approved for use. Again, due to potential for side effects in individual cats, these should only be used under a veterinarian’s supervision.

Next time you or a family member feels stiff joints or soreness due to the cold weather outside, remember how unpleasant it feels and make sure to not overlook the subtle symptoms a feline friend may exhibit with similar discomfort.

By – Dr. Bajwa,
Veterinarian at Hastings Veterinary Hospital, Burnaby.

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